肿瘤肥胖与癌症医学英语

怎样去北京中医院皮肤科 http://www.zgbdf.net/baidianfeng/ChengGongAnLi/m/19064.shtml

参阅：

美国疾病控制和预防中心：美国40％癌症病例与超重肥胖有关

肥胖是如何促进乳腺癌生长及其转移的？（obesityandbreastcancer）

历时18年对22万人的研究表明，成人超重，患癌的风险增加

至少40%的癌症可以通过改变生活方式来预防

-*-*-*-*-*-

视频

-*-*-*-*-*-

视频中文字

ObesityandCancer

Theprevalenceofoverweight(bodymassindexof25to30kg/2)andobesity(bodymassindex≥30kg/m2)inmostdevelopedcountries(andinurbanareasofmanylessdevelopedcountries)hasincreasedmarkedlyduringthepast2decades.

IntheUnitedStates,morethanonethirdofthepopulationisnowclassifiedasobese.Althoughobesityhaslongbeenrecognizedasanimportantcauseofdiabetesandcardiovasculardisease,therelationshipbetweenobesityandcancerhasreceivedlessattention.

Epidemiologicstudiesindicatethatadipositycontributestotheincreasedincidenceofanddeathfromcancersofthecolon,breast(inpostmenopausalwomen),endometrium,kidney(renalcell),esophagus(adenocarcinoma),gastriccardia,pancreas,gallbladder,andliver(hepatocellularcarcinoma).

Ithasbeenestimatedthat15%to20%ofallcancerdeathsintheUnitedStatescanbeattributedtooverweightandobesity.Themechanismsbywhichobesityincreasescancerriskappeartoinvolvethemetabolicandendocrineeffectsofobesitythroughtheiralterationsinlevelsofpeptideandsteroidhormones.

Forexample,greateramountsofadiposetissueleadtoincreasedcirculatinglevelsoffreefattyacids.Thisinturncausesliver,muscle,andothertissuestoincreasetheiruseoffatsforenergyproduction,therebyreducingtheirneedforuptakeandmetabolismofglucoseandeventuallyleadingtohyperglycemia.

Thisfunctionalinsulinresistanceforcesanincreaseinpancreaticinsulinsecretion.Epidemiologicandexperimentalevidencesuggeststhatchronichyperinsulinemiaincreasestheriskofcancersofthecolonandendometriumandprobablyothertumors(e.g.,thoseofthepancreasandkidney).

Circulatinglevelsofestrogensarestronglyrelatedtoadiposity.Forcancersofthebreast(inpostmenopausalwomen)andendometrium,theeffectsofoverweightandobesityoncancerriskarelargelymediatedbyincreasedestrogenlevels.

Forpatientswithbreastcancer,adiposityhasbeenassociatedwithbothpoorersurvivalandincreasedlikelihoodofrecurrence,aneffectthatpersistedafteradjustmentfortumorstageandgrade,hormonereceptorstatus,andadjuvanttherapy.

-*-*-*-*-*-

参考译文：

肥胖与癌症

在过去20年中，大多数发达国家（以及许多欠发达国家的城市地区）的超重（体重指数为25至30公斤/平方米）和肥胖（体重指数≥30公斤/平方米）的患病率显著增加。

在美国，超过三分之一的人口现在被归类为肥胖。虽然肥胖一直被认为是糖尿病和心血管疾病的重要病因，但肥胖与癌症的关系却很少受到